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:''Dates in this article are according to the Julian Calendar. Sources using the Old Style calendar will need to be adjusted by adding ten days.'' The Synod of Dort (also known as the Synod of Dordt or the Synod of Dordrecht) was an international Synod held in Dordrecht in 1618–1619, by the Dutch Reformed Church, to settle a divisive controversy initiated by the rise of Arminianism. The first meeting was on November 13, 1618, and the final meeting, the 154th, was on May 9, 1619. Voting representatives from eight foreign Reformed churches were also invited. ''Dort'' was a contemporary English term for the town of ''Dordrecht'' (and it remains the local colloquial pronunciation). In 2014 the first entire, critical edition of the Acts and Documents of the Synod was begun to be published.〔Acta et Documenta Synodi Nationalis Dordrechtanae (1618–1619) Donald Sinnema, Christian Moser, Herman Selderhuis (eds.) Vol. I, CVII, 539 pag. ISBN 978-3-525-55078-6 Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen〕 ==Background== There had been previous provincial synods of Dort, and a National Synod in 1578. For that reason the 1618 meeting is sometimes called the ''Second Synod of Dort''. The acts of the Synod were tied to political intrigues that arose during the Twelve Years' Truce, a pause in the Dutch war with Spain. After the death of Jacob Arminius his followers presented objections to the Belgic Confession and the teaching of John Calvin, Theodore Beza, and their followers. These objections were published in a document called The Remonstrance of 1610, and the Arminians were therefore also known as ''Remonstrants''. They taught election on the basis of foreseen faith, a universal atonement, resistible grace, and the possibility of lapse from grace. The opposing Calvinists or Gomarists, led by Franciscus Gomarus of the University of Leiden, became known as the ''Contra-Remonstrants''. The Arminians were perceived as ready to compromise with the Spanish, whereas the Dutch Calvinists were not, so Arminianism was considered by some to be political treason; in 1617–8 there was a pamphlet war and Francis van Aarssens expressed the view that the Arminians were working for Philip IV of Spain.〔Israel (1986), pp. 62–3.〕 Planning for a National Synod was begun by Adriaan Pauw in March 1618.〔Israel (1998), p. 456.〕 Before that, there had been a debate as to whether the synod should be national, as the Contra-Remonstrants wished, or provincial for Holland, as the Remonstrants argued. This decision was worked out in 1617, with outside input from the English ambassador Dudley Carleton.〔Milton, p. 2; (Google Books ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Synod of Dort」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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